Improvement in hand-drills for stone-working, mining



. A. NICOL. j Hand-Drill for Stone-Working, Mining, 8vo.

No.- 210,430. Patented Dec. 3, 1187's.

' fzvmZalnwww iNrrED STATES.

PATENT OEEIoE.

ANDREW NrooL, oF soEANroN7 PENNSYLVANIA.

IMPROVEMENT IN HAND-DRILLS FOR STONE-WORKING, MINING, &c.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 210,430, dated December3, 1878; application filed November 8, 1878.

To all whom 'it may concern:

Be it known that I, ANDREW NICOL, of Scranton, in the county ofLackawanna, in the State of Pennsylvania, have made certain Improvementsin Hand-Drills for Coal-Miners, of which the following is thespecification:

The object of this invention is to improve the hand-drill or hand-boringinstrument inmining coal as now used by miners; and it consists in theconstruction of the drill and its parts, as will be fully hereinafterdescribed.

In the drawing, Figure l represents a part side and a part sectionalview; Fig. 2, a side view of one of the bits used in the drill-stock.Fig. 3 is a side view of a cap or thimble; and Figs. 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, and9 represent, lin pairs, the different tools-such as picks, reamers, andbits-used in the drill-stock.

A represents a tubular steel stock or socket, with a screw-thread, a,cut i'nits interior di'- ameter, which may be one foot or more inlength, as desired, and at a is an enlcrged part of the inner diameterof the stock, in which is cut a screw-thread, u. A is the hand or outerend of the drill, and may be attached to the tube A by screw-thread, orit may be welded thereto, as is most convenient, or attached in anyother secure manner, and of any desirable form and length to suit thework or the user.

Bis a screw cap or thimble, having an interior screw-thread, a-X, cut init to coincide with the inside diameter of the tubular stock A, and onthe outer diameter, and at its outer end, is cut a rabbet, b, with anexternal screwthread, b', cut thereon, so that stock A can be screwedonto screw-thread b', and when so screwed to the cap the internalscrew-thread a of stock A 'will .bev continued through cap B and becoincident therewith, as seen in Fig. 1.

B in Figs. 2 and 3 is a screw cap or thimble, similar in construction tocap B, excepting that it has no interior screw-thread in its longitudinal and oblong opening or slot that allows it to freely slide overthe screw-thread Y on the tang of the chisel or cutter on which it isused, and when this cap is used with the stock A it connects with thestock the same as cap B.

C G represent a pair of bits longitudinally separated, havingcutting-edges c at their outer ends, and tah gs c, with screw-threads c,cut thereon, so that they can be easily and rmly screwed through the capor thimble B and into the socket A, and be held firmly therein, and whenso iixed the drill is ready for use.

Fig. 2 represents a single bit or chisel, D, having its cutting-edge dconcave, and its tang D- iiattened on opposite sides, and thescrew-thread cfcut on the edges, so that it can be screwed into-thesocket A, the thimble B sliding freely on the tang, and when the socketis screwed onto the tang of the cutter and into the screw-thread on thethimble the cutter D will be fast in the socket, and when the bits C orcutter D are screwed home in the socket A a holding-screw, x, is turnedthrough the rabbeted part of the socket A into the thimble B or B', andthe drill, cutter, reamer, or bit so held will bc ready for use.

Figs. 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, and 9 represent different forms of tools to be usedin socket A, and are shown to be in pairs, as l, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6; andas these different forms represent different cutting, boring, reaming,or picking edges or points, and are, like the bits C, dividedlongitudinally, having screw-threads c on all of them, it is evidentthat they can be used t0- gether, or they can be interchan ged with eachother, and have one half of the tool of one kind of cutter and the otherhalf of a dicrent kind--as, for instance, the half of pick 5, Fig. S,could be used with the half of 6, Fig. 9, or with the half of C, Fig. l,or any number of transpositions can be made by the interchange of thedivided cutting-tools, as desired, and asin part may be seen by thedotted lines in4 Figs. 1, 4, 5, 7, and 9, and as circumstancesand'conditions of the coal may require.

These hand-drills, as generally used by miners, are heavy b ars ofsteel, with the cutting-edges made upon the end of the bar, or thecutting-edges of steel are welded upon bars 4of iron. In either casethey are quite heavy, and as the cutting-edge, whether it be' in theform of a pick, drill, cutter, or reamer,

by use becomes dull, and has to be taken to the smiths forge to besharpened frequently, it becomes burdensome to the miner to take withhim when he goes out of the mine at night the several heavy drills forthat purpose,

Il i N while the hand-dril1, as herein described, can have any number ofbits, cutters, picks, or reamers, when constructed as above described,that can be quicklyreinoved from their sockets, which enables the minerto have a greater variety of tools, and by having them removable andinterchangeable he will have only the bits or drills to take out of themine to be sharpened, thus saving` time and heavy carriage to the miner.

Further, the drill as a Whole is simple and easily taken apart, so thatother cutters, having different cutting` point-s or edges, may beinserted, is strong and durable, and not liable to be out of repairuntil entirely Worn out or broken.

By duplicating the removable bits, drills, picks, reamers, or cuttersthat can be used in the drill-stock A, as above described, much time issaved the miner if the point or edge of a cutting-tool is broken, whichis a frequent occurrence, as it is but the work of a moment to removethe broken tool and insert a peri'ect one, when, if the tool so brokenwas a part of the stock and not removable therefrom, the whole drillwould have to go to the smith to be repaired.

Having` thus fully described my invention, what I claim, and desire tosecure by Letters Patent, is-

1. In a hand-drill for coal-mining", the cylindrical socket A, havin gthe internal screw thread a therein, in combina-tion with removabletools in pairs, such as C (l, having screwthreads c" on their tangs, tobe screwed into socket A, constructed to operate as described.

2. The cylindrical socket A of a miners hand-drill, havin g the internalscrew-thread a therein, and the screw cap or thimble B, in combinationwith the removable drill or cutters C C, having screw-threaded tangs orany of the interchangeable bits, drills, cutters, or picks shown,substantially as and for the purposes described. Y

3. The cylindrical socket A of a miners hand-drill, having the internalscrew-thread a therein, and the screw cap or thimble B', in combinationwith the bit or chisel D, havin g a flattened and screw-threaded tang,D', constructed to operate substantially as described.

4. A miners hand-drill, such as above described, composed of thecylindrical socket A, havin g the internal screw-thread a, therein,screw cap or thimble B or B', and removable and intercl'langeable bits,cutters, picks, or drills, either whole or in two parts, as shown, ortransposed, as seen in the dotted lines, as and for the purposesdescribed.

ANDREW' NIGOL. 1 Witnesses:

J As. H. Tommy, S. P. MeDIvrrT.

